语言学问题 how do you understand the distinction between a synchronic study and a diachronic study？

发布网友 发布时间：2022-03-28 12:33

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懂视网 时间：2022-03-28 16:55

synchronic和diachronic的区别如下：

　　

　　1、synchronic的意思是不考虑历史演进的，限于一时的。

　　

　　2、Diachronic的意思是探求现象变化的，历时的。

　　

　　语言学（linguistics）是以人类语言为研究对象的学科，探索范围包括语言的性质、功能、结构、运用和历史发展，以及其他与语言有关的问题。语言学被普遍定义为对语言的一种科学化、系统化的理论研究。并且语言是人类最重要的交际工具 ，是思想的直接现实。传统的语言学称为语文学，以研究古代文献和书面语为主。现代语言学则以当代语言和口语为主，而且研究的范围大大拓宽。语文学是为其他学科服务的。现代语言学是一门独立的学科，有其客观的研究对象、有自己的研究方法、有系统的学科理论，顾名思义，语言学是研究语言的本质、结构和发展规律的实证科学。

　　

　　

热心网友 时间：2022-03-28 14:03

The distinction between a synchronic study (共时性研究)and a diachronic study(历时性研究) is : a synchronic study is the study of at some point of time in history, but diachronic study is change through time.
意思就是说共时性研究是指在某一个时间点,历时性研究是指某一段时间变化.
自己理解的,望采纳

热心网友 时间：2022-03-28 15:21

Synchronic study of a language means studying a particular language at a given point in time. The time studied may be either the present or a particular point in the past; synchronic analyses can also be made of dead languages, such as Latin. Synchronic linguistics is contrasted with diachronic linguistics (or historical linguistics), the study of a language over a period of time. In the 20th century, synchronic description has come to be regarded as prior to diachronic description; the latter presupposes that synchronic descriptions at various stages of the development of a language have already been carried out.

Historical linguistics (also called diachronic linguistics) is the study of language change. It covers such areas as changes in particular languages, reconstruction of the pre-history of languages and determination of their relatedness, grouping them into language families, etc.